.irsa-shell{margin:0;background:#f6f0e2}.irsa-journal,.irsa-site-header,.irsa-site-footer{font-family:Vazirmatn,sans-serif}.irsa-journal{padding-bottom:0}.irsa-site-header{padding:0;border-bottom:1px solid #dcd5c6;background:#f6f0e2}.irsa-nav-wrap{width:min(1240px,92%);margin:auto;min-height:100px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:40px}.irsa-brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;font-size:1.17rem;font-weight:850;line-height:1.5}.irsa-brand small{display:block;font-size:.57rem;letter-spacing:2px;font-weight:500;margin-top:6px}.irsa-brand-mark{font-size:3rem;color:var(--irsa-primary)}.irsa-logo{width:45px;height:45px;object-fit:contain}.irsa-main-nav{margin-inline:auto}.irsa-main-nav ul{display:flex;gap:28px;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;font-size:.87rem}.irsa-main-nav li{position:relative}.irsa-main-nav .sub-menu{position:absolute;top:100%;min-width:180px;padding:16px;background:#fbf7eb;display:none;z-index:20;border:1px solid #dcd5c6}.irsa-main-nav li:hover>.sub-menu,.irsa-main-nav li:focus-within>.sub-menu{display:grid}.irsa-nav-explore{border:1px solid #d0c5b2;border-radius:100px;padding:10px 20px;font-size:.82rem;display:flex;gap:28px}.irsa .irsa-menu-toggle{display:none}.irsa-journal .irsa-wrap{width:min(1180px,90%)}.irsa-editorial-hero{position:relative;overflow:hidden;border-bottom:1px solid #dcd5c6;background:radial-gradient(ellipse at 10% 30%,#e8dcc4 0,transparent 50%)}.irsa-hero-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.05fr 1fr;align-items:center;min-height:580px;gap:65px}.irsa-hero-copy{padding:64px 0}.irsa-overline{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;font-size:.77rem;font-weight:600;color:var(--irsa-primary);letter-spacing:.2px}.irsa-overline i{width:7px;height:7px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--irsa-primary)}.irsa-hero-copy h1{font-size:clamp(2.8rem,5.5vw,5rem);font-weight:900;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:-2px;margin:25px 0;color:#303d32;max-width:600px}.irsa-hero-copy>p{font-size:1.1rem;color:#656956;max-width:480px;line-height:2.2;margin-bottom:30px}.irsa-text-link{display:inline-flex;gap:35px;align-items:center;font-size:.86rem;font-weight:700;border-bottom:1px solid #a49d88;padding-bottom:9px}.irsa-hero-rule{margin-top:54px;padding-top:17px;border-top:1px solid #d6cebc;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;font-size:.67rem;color:#6e715f}.irsa-hero-rule span:last-child{font-size:.55rem;letter-spacing:1px;direction:ltr}.irsa-hero-art{position:relative;height:530px;margin:25px 0;display:grid;place-items:center}.irsa-contour{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:contain}.irsa-hero-art:before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:15% 9%;border-radius:50% 50% 46% 54%;background:#d6c6a7;opacity:.45;z-index:-1}.irsa-hero-photo{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;border-radius:48% 48% 8px 8px}.irsa-orbit-label{position:absolute;inset-inline-end:0;top:24%;writing-mode:vertical-rl;font-size:.66rem;letter-spacing:1px;color:#736b59}.irsa-art-caption{position:absolute;bottom:8%;inset-inline-start:10%;font-size:.7rem;color:var(--irsa-primary);background:#f6f0e2dd;padding:8px 20px;border:1px solid #d5c8b0;border-radius:50px}.irsa-feature-section{padding:65px 0 15px}.irsa-section-label{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;border-bottom:1px solid #cfc6b3;padding-bottom:16px;margin-bottom:25px;font-weight:700;font-size:.87rem}.irsa-section-label span:last-child{font-size:.66rem;color:#7a7571;font-weight:400}.irsa-spotlight{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.12fr 1fr;min-height:400px;border:1px solid #d7ceba;border-radius:26px;overflow:hidden;background:#eee7d6}.irsa-spotlight-image{display:block;overflow:hidden;min-height:380px}.irsa-spotlight-image>img,.irsa-spotlight-image>.irsa-art{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}.irsa-spotlight-body{padding:45px 42px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center}.irsa-spotlight-body h2{font-size:clamp(1.4rem,2.7vw,2rem);line-height:1.8;margin:16px 0;font-weight:850;color:#303d32}.irsa-spotlight-body>p{font-size:.91rem;color:#656956;line-height:2;margin:0 0 20px}.irsa-spotlight-meta{display:flex;gap:20px;font-size:.72rem;color:#6a6e60;margin-bottom:24px}.irsa .irsa-button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:30px;border-radius:100px;background:#344b3b;color:#fff8ea;border:1px solid #344b3b;font:600 .84rem Vazirmatn,sans-serif;padding:13px 25px;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;min-height:48px}.irsa .irsa-button:hover{background:var(--irsa-primary);border-color:var(--irsa-primary);color:white}.irsa-library{padding:70px 0 75px;scroll-margin-top:25px}.irsa-library-heading{display:flex;align-items:flex-end;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;margin-bottom:30px}.irsa-library-heading h2{font-size:2rem;line-height:1.6;margin:10px 0 0;font-weight:850}.irsa-result-count{font-size:.76rem;color:#6d6d5c;white-space:nowrap}.irsa-library-tools{display:flex;gap:12px;padding:18px;background:#ece5d5;border:1px solid #e0d7c4;border-radius:20px;margin-bottom:22px;align-items:center}.irsa-searchbox{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:14px;flex:1;min-width:0;background:#fbf7eb;border:1px solid #d8d0c0;border-radius:50px;padding:0 18px}.irsa-searchbox>span:first-child{font-size:1.7rem;color:#6d6d5c}.irsa .irsa-searchbox input[type=search]{font:400 .83rem Vazirmatn,sans-serif;background:transparent;border:0;outline-offset:0;padding:12px 0;color:#303d32;min-width:0;width:100%}.irsa .irsa-order select{font:400 .8rem Vazirmatn,sans-serif;color:#444e3f;background:transparent;border:0;max-width:180px;padding:10px 4px;min-height:46px}.irsa-topic-pills{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;margin:20px 0 36px}.irsa-topic-pills a{border:1px solid #d8d0c0;border-radius:50px;padding:8px 20px;font-size:.78rem;background:#faf6eb;transition:.15s}.irsa-topic-pills a[aria-current],.irsa-topic-pills a:hover{background:var(--irsa-primary);border-color:var(--irsa-primary);color:#fff}.irsa-editorial-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:36px 25px}.irsa-editorial-card{border:1px solid #ded5c4;border-radius:22px;overflow:hidden;background:#fbf7eb;display:flex;flex-direction:column;transition:transform .2s,box-shadow .2s}.irsa-editorial-card:hover{transform:translateY(-6px);box-shadow:0 15px 35px #413b2610}.irsa-card-visual{display:block;position:relative;aspect-ratio:1.5;overflow:hidden;background:#e9dfc9}.irsa-card-visual>img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .4s}.irsa-editorial-card:hover .irsa-card-visual>img{transform:scale(1.04)}.irsa-art{height:100%;overflow:hidden;background:#d8c6a7;display:grid;place-items:center}.irsa-art .irsa-contour{width:70%;transform:rotate(-25deg) scale(1.4)}.irsa-art-1{background:#c4cbb8}.irsa-art-1 .irsa-contour{transform:rotate(20deg) scale(1.5)}.irsa-art-2{background:#dec1ad}.irsa-art-2 .irsa-contour{transform:rotate(80deg) scale(1.5)}.irsa-image-arrow{position:absolute;bottom:16px;inset-inline-end:16px;background:#fbf7ebdd;border-radius:50%;width:36px;height:36px;display:grid;place-items:center;font-size:1.3rem}.irsa-editorial-body{padding:23px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex:1}.irsa-card-eyebrow{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;font-size:.68rem;color:#6a715d}.irsa-card-eyebrow span:first-child{color:var(--irsa-primary);font-weight:600}.irsa-editorial-body h3{font-size:1.13rem;line-height:1.9;font-weight:800;margin:15px 0 12px}.irsa-editorial-body>p{font-size:.83rem;color:#676d5c;line-height:2;margin:0 0 25px;flex:1}.irsa-card-bottom{border-top:1px solid #e1d9c8;padding-top:16px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;font-size:.68rem;color:#777467}.irsa-card-bottom a{color:var(--irsa-primary);font-weight:700}.irsa-search-summary{font-size:.85rem}.irsa-search-summary a{margin-inline-start:20px;text-decoration:underline}.irsa-empty-state{text-align:center;border:1px dashed #c9bea6;border-radius:24px;padding:55px 20px;background:#f3eddf}.irsa-empty-state>span{font-size:4rem;color:var(--irsa-primary)}.irsa-empty-state h3{font-size:1.3rem}.irsa-empty-state p{font-size:.9rem;color:#686d5c;margin-bottom:25px}.irsa-invitation{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:40px;border-radius:25px;padding:48px;background:#e8dfca;margin-bottom:70px;border:1px solid #d9ccb3}.irsa-invitation h2{font-size:1.8rem;margin:10px 0}.irsa-invitation p{font-size:.9rem;color:#666b57;max-width:620px}.irsa-invitation .irsa-button{flex-shrink:0}.irsa-site-footer{background:#29392e;color:#efe8d7;padding:60px 0 25px}.irsa-site-footer .irsa-brand-mark{color:#d7b797}.irsa-footer-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:50px;margin-bottom:50px}.irsa-footer-top p{max-width:420px;color:#bec7b3;font-size:.88rem;margin-top:20px}.irsa-footer-top ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;gap:14px;font-size:.85rem}.irsa-footer-bottom{border-top:1px solid #6a796355;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:22px;font-size:.7rem;color:#aeb7a4}.irsa-site-footer a:hover{color:#e5bd99}.irsa-skip{position:fixed;top:-90px;right:20px;z-index:999999;background:#fff;padding:12px}.irsa-skip:focus{top:10px}body .irsa-top{position:fixed;bottom:20px;left:20px;background:#f6f0e2;color:#344b3b;border:1px solid #b5ad99;border-radius:50%;width:44px;height:44px;font-size:1.2rem;cursor:pointer;z-index:50}.irsa-progress{position:fixed;top:0;right:0;width:0;height:3px;background:#b3411e;z-index:999999}.admin-bar .irsa-progress{top:32px}.irsa-article-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,780px) 240px;gap:65px;max-width:1120px;width:90%;margin:auto;padding:45px 0 75px}.irsa-reading-main{min-width:0}.irsa-article-sidebar{padding-top:150px}.irsa-toc{position:sticky;top:30px;background:#eee7d6;border:1px solid #dcd0b9;padding:25px;border-radius:20px;font-size:.8rem}.irsa-toc h2{font-size:1rem}.irsa-toc ol{padding-inline-start:20px;display:grid;gap:12px}.irsa-toc a[aria-current]{color:var(--irsa-primary);text-decoration:underline}.irsa-content h2,.irsa-content h3{scroll-margin-top:30px}.irsa-share{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:18px;border-block:1px solid #d8cdb8;padding:20px 0;margin:35px 0;font-size:.83rem}.irsa-share button{font:inherit;background:transparent;border:1px solid #bfb39a;border-radius:30px;padding:8px 18px;color:#344b3b;cursor:pointer}.irsa-related{margin-top:45px}.irsa-related h2{font-size:1.4rem}.irsa-related .irsa-editorial-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.irsa-author-line{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:13px;padding:16px 0;color:#67705f;font-size:.78rem}.irsa-author-line .avatar{border-radius:50%;width:38px;height:38px}.irsa-single .irsa-content{font-size:1.03rem}.irsa-single .irsa-article-heading h1{font-size:clamp(1.9rem,4vw,3rem);line-height:1.7}.irsa-admin-welcome{background:#ece5d5;border-inline-start:5px solid #b3411e;padding:28px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:30px;max-width:1100px}.irsa-admin-welcome .button{margin:8px}.irsa-admin-page .form-table{max-width:1100px}.irsa-admin-page .large-text{max-width:650px}
@media(max-width:1000px){.irsa-hero-layout{gap:25px;min-height:480px}.irsa-hero-art{height:440px}.irsa-nav-wrap{gap:20px}.irsa-editorial-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.irsa-spotlight-body{padding:30px}.irsa-article-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:15px}.irsa-article-sidebar{grid-row:1;padding-top:0}.irsa-toc{position:static}.irsa-toc ol{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px 30px}.irsa-toc[hidden]{display:none}}
@media(max-width:700px){.irsa-nav-wrap{min-height:80px;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:15px;padding:15px 0}.irsa-brand{font-size:1rem}.irsa-brand-mark{font-size:2.4rem}.irsa-nav-explore{display:none}.irsa .irsa-menu-toggle{display:block;margin-inline-start:auto;background:transparent;border:1px solid #d2c6b0;border-radius:25px;padding:8px 16px;color:#344b3b;font:inherit}.irsa-main-nav{width:100%;margin:0;display:none}.irsa-main-nav.is-open{display:block}.irsa-main-nav ul{display:grid;gap:15px;padding:10px 0}.irsa-main-nav .sub-menu{position:static;display:grid;padding-inline-start:20px;border:0;background:transparent}.irsa-hero-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0}.irsa-hero-copy{padding:45px 0 0}.irsa-hero-copy h1{font-size:3rem;letter-spacing:-1px}.irsa-hero-copy>p{font-size:.98rem}.irsa-hero-rule{margin-top:30px}.irsa-hero-art{height:320px;margin:0}.irsa-orbit-label{inset-inline-end:8%}.irsa-art-caption{bottom:10%}.irsa-feature-section{padding-top:35px}.irsa-spotlight{grid-template-columns:1fr}.irsa-spotlight-image{min-height:0;height:260px}.irsa-spotlight-body{padding:26px}.irsa-library{padding:45px 0}.irsa-library-heading{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column;gap:10px}.irsa-library-heading h2{font-size:1.7rem}.irsa-library-tools{flex-wrap:wrap;padding:12px;gap:10px}.irsa-searchbox{flex-basis:100%}.irsa-order{flex:1}.irsa .irsa-library-tools .irsa-button{padding:10px 20px;min-height:44px}.irsa-topic-pills{gap:8px;margin-bottom:25px}.irsa-topic-pills a{padding:7px 15px;font-size:.75rem}.irsa-editorial-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.irsa-invitation{padding:28px;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:12px;margin-bottom:40px}.irsa-invitation h2{font-size:1.5rem}.irsa-footer-top{flex-direction:column;gap:25px}.irsa-footer-bottom{flex-direction:column;gap:10px}.irsa-section-label span:last-child{font-size:.6rem}.irsa-related .irsa-editorial-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.irsa-author-line{flex-wrap:wrap}.irsa-admin-welcome{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.admin-bar .irsa-progress{top:46px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.irsa-editorial-card,.irsa-card-visual>img{transition:none}.irsa-editorial-card:hover{transform:none}}

body .irsa-top[hidden]{display:none!important}

.irsa-hero-rule{color:var(--irsa-secondary)}